Adjusted Clinical Groups: a patient classification system through risk adjustment

Abstract

Adjusted Clinical Groups (ACG) are risk adjustment systems that classify people according to their age, sex and medical conditions, these people have a similar consumption of health resources over a given period of time. They were developed by Starfield and Weiner (Johns Hopkins University, USA, 1991), and their objective is to measure the degree of illness among patients based on the levels of comorbidity. Their main applications are: a) the evaluation of the efficiency in the use of health services, b) measurement of population’s comorbidity, and c) to program the funding or capitation fee for groups of providers. Some of the advantages of the ACG system are the limited number of variables needed for each patient (age, sex and diagnosis) and the unit of measurement, which is the patient. Some characteristics of this population risk adjustment system are commented.