Epidemiologic, clinical and bacteriologic characteristics of pneumococcal meningitis in pediatric patients from Lima, Peru

Authors

  • Long Davalos Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Médico cirujano
  • Yessica Terrazas Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Médico cirujano
  • Ana Quintana Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Médico cirujano
  • Martha Egoavil Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Médico cirujano
  • Katherine Sedano Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Médico cirujano
  • María E. Castillo Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Instituto Nacional de Salud del Niño. Lima, Perú. médico infectólogo pediatra
  • Isabel Reyes Hospital de Emergencias Pediátricas. Lima, Perú. Médico cirujano
  • Eduardo Chaparro Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. médico infectólogo pediatra
  • Wilda Silva Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins. Lima, Perú. médico infectólogo pediatra
  • Francisco Campos Hospital Nacional Docente Madre-Niño San Bartolomé. Lima, Perú. médico infectólogo pediatra
  • Andrés Saenz Hospital Daniel A. Carrión. Lima, Perú. médico infectólogo pediatra
  • Roger Hernandez Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. médico infectólogo pediatra
  • Olguita del Águila Hospital Nacional Edgardo Rebagliati Martins. Lima, Perú. médico infectólogo pediatra
  • Daniel Guillén Pinto Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Hospital Nacional Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. médico neurólogo pediatra
  • Theresa J. Ochoa Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. University of Texas School of Public Health. Houston, Texas, United States of America. médico infectólogo pediatra

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2016.333.2349

Keywords:

Streptococcus pneumoniae, Meningitis, pneumococcal, Peru, Infant mortality

Abstract

Objectives. To describe the clinical characteristics, lethality, antibiotic susceptibility, and serotype distribution of pneumococcal meningitis in pediatric patients in Lima, Peru. Materials and Methods. A case series of pneumococcal meningitis in children less than 16 years of age from two prospective, multicenter, passive surveillance studies of invasive pneumococcal diseases held in Lima-Peru from 2006 to 2008 and 2009 to 2011. Results. We report 44 pneumococcal meningitis episodes; 68.2% of them were in children less than 2 years old. The overall case fatality rate was 32.6%; 92.9% of fatal cases were in children less than 2 years of age (p<0.05). Malnutrition was associated with fatal cases (p<0.05). 64.3% of fatal cases died within the first two days. 41.9% of pneumococcal isolates were resistant to penicillin, 23.3% were intermediate resistant to ceftriaxone (none were highly resistant) and 9.3% were resistant to chloramphenicol. The most common serotypes were 6B, 14, 19F and 23F, which accounted for 68.3% of all strains; 84.1% of strains were PCV13 serotypes. Conclusions. Pneumococcal meningitis continues to be a lethal disease, especially in children less than 2 years of age. Since almost two third of lethal cases lead to death within the first 48 hours, prompt diagnosis and management is critical, as well as assurance of immunization with pneumococcal vaccine.

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Published

2016-08-15

Issue

Section

Original Article

How to Cite

1.
Davalos L, Terrazas Y, Quintana A, Egoavil M, Sedano K, Castillo ME, et al. Epidemiologic, clinical and bacteriologic characteristics of pneumococcal meningitis in pediatric patients from Lima, Peru. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica [Internet]. 2016 Aug. 15 [cited 2024 Nov. 4];33(3):425-31. Available from: https://rpmesp.ins.gob.pe/index.php/rpmesp/article/view/2349

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