Infectious agents in biological samples from patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome in Peru, 2018-2019

Authors

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2020.374.5169

Keywords:

Guillain-Barre Syndrome, Campylobacter jejuni, Enterovirus Infections

Abstract

Objective: To describe the results of laboratory tests performed on biological samples from patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) submitted to the Instituto Nacional de Salud (INS) between 2018 and 2019. Materials and methods: We conducted an observational study on patients with GBS, by using data from the epidemiological surveillance system. Biological samples, previously analyzed at the INS, were obtained to study arboviruses, respiratory viruses, enteroviruses and enterobacteria, among others. Results: A total of 2,051 specimens were obtained from 906 patients with GBS. Three patients tested positive for dengue and three for Zika. In 19 patients, the stool culture was positive for Campylobacter jejuni. Phylogenetic analysis of 10 Campylobacter jejuni strains classified them as genotype ST2993, which was previously reported in China and associated to a GBS outbreak. Twelve cerebrospinal fluid samples tested positive for enterovirus by PCR in 2018, but none could be verified by culture or complete genome sequencing during the study. One patient was positive for influenza A, two for influenza B, two for adenovirus, five for respiratory syncytial virus, and ten for rhinovirus. Conclusion: Several pathogens were found in samples from patients with GBS. However, we found that the genotype ST2993 of Campylobacter jejuni was the most likely causal agent, a pathogen that is related to GBS outbreaks in different continents. It is necessary to confirm this hypothesis with additional analytical studies and it is important to describe the transmission mechanism of C. jejuni genotype ST2993 in order to implement prevention and control measures.

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Author Biographies

  • Paul Pachas, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú. Médico/a cirujano/a; especialista en Infectología

    Médico epidemiólogo 

    Bachiller en medicina

  • Fernando Donaires, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú. Médico/a cirujano/a especialista en Infectología

    Médico infectólogo 

    Bachiller en medicina

  • Ronnie G. Gavilán, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú. biólogo; doctor en Biología Molecular

    Biólogo

    PhD en Biología Molecular

  • Willi Quino, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú. tecnólogo/a médico/a; magíster en Microbiología

    Biólogo 

    Bachiller en Biología

  • Margot Vidal, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú. Médico/a cirujano/a

    Médico Epidemiólogo

    Bachiller en medicina

  • César Cabezas, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú. Médico/a cirujano/a especialista en Infectología

    Médico Infectólogo

    Bachiller en Medicina

  • María García, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú. tecnólogo/a médico/a

    Tecnólogo Médico

    Bachiller en Tecnología Médica

  • Maribel Huaringa, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú. tecnólogo/a médico/a

    Tecnólogo Médico

    Bachiller en Tecnología Médica

  • Flor Peceros, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú. biólogo

    Bióloga

    Bachiller en biología

  • Faviola Valdivia, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú. biólogo

    Bióloga

    Bachiller en biología

  • Lely Solari, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Lima, Perú. Médico/a cirujano/a; especialista en Infectología doctora en Ciencias de la Salud

    Médico Infectólogo 

    PhD in Health Sciences

Published

2020-11-18

Issue

Section

Original Article

How to Cite

1.
Pachas P, Donaires F, Gavilán RG, Quino W, Vidal M, Cabezas C, et al. Infectious agents in biological samples from patients with Guillain-Barré syndrome in Peru, 2018-2019. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica [Internet]. 2020 Nov. 18 [cited 2024 Nov. 3];37(4):681-8. Available from: https://rpmesp.ins.gob.pe/index.php/rpmesp/article/view/5169

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