Beneficios de pertenecer a un grupo de apoyo de cuidadoras de niños con discapacidad múltiple: un estudio cualitativo

María Elena Rodríguez-Vélez; Claudia Patricia Cantillo-Medina; Alix Yaneth Perdomo-Romero

doi:10.17843/rpmesp.2024.411.13218

Autores/as

María Elena Rodríguez-Vélez Universidad Surcolombiana. Facultad de Salud, Programa de Enfermería. Huila, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1071-9695
Claudia Patricia Cantillo-Medina https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0173-9619 https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0173-9619
Alix Yaneth Perdomo-Romero Universidad Surcolombiana. Facultad de Salud, Programa de Enfermería. Huila, Colombia https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1390-9718

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2024.411.13218

Palabras clave:

Grupo de Autoayuda, Niños con Discapacidad, Apoyo Social, Enfermería Comunitaria, Investigación cualitativa

Resumen

Objetivo. Explorar la percepción de los beneficios de participar en un grupo de apoyo de cuidadoras de niños con discapacidad múltiple. Materiales y métodos. Estudio cualitativo, enfoque etnográfico focalizado, realizado de octubre del 2022 a febrero del 2023, muestreo por conveniencia, participaron 20 cuidadoras de niños con discapacidad múltiple. La información se recolectó mediante observación participante, grupos de discusión y entrevistas semiestructuradas. Se realizó análisis temático aplicando las propuestas por Braun y Clark. Resultados. Los temas emergentes fueron: red de apoyo social: integrarse, informarse y ayudarse mutuamente; espacio de aprendizaje: se aprende a cuidar y a cuidarse; promueve el empoderamiento: identificar y enfrentar barreras de acceso. Conclusiones. El grupo de apoyo funciona como una red de apoyo social, proporciona información, reduce la incertidumbre, facilita el afrontamiento y la resiliencia tras el nacimiento y crianza de un hijo con discapacidad múltiple. Espacio donde se aprende a cuidar y a cuidarse a sí mismo y donde se promueve el empoderamiento para la defensa de los derechos de los niños con discapacidad.

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