Survival of patients on chronic hemodialysis versus chronic peritoneal dialysis

Abstract

Objective. To compare the survival of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) on hemodialysis (HD) versus peritoneal dialysis (PD). Materials and methods. Survival analysis of a retrospective cohort of patients ≥ 18 years who started HD versus PD at the Victor Lazarte Echegaray Hospital from 2015 to 2019. We analyzed the following covariates: age, sex, diabetes mellitus as cause of CKD, temporary central venous catheter (CVC) as initial vascular access and glomerular filtration rate. Survival was calculated with Kaplan-Meier curves for the overall cohort and for age ≥ 60 years, diabetes mellitus as a cause of CKD and CVC. The risk of death was estimated by Hazard Ratio (HR) according to the Cox proportional hazards model for each covariate adjusted for dialysis type in a bivariate and multivariate analysis considering significant difference if the p-value < 0.05. Results. We included 368 patients on HD of whom 129 (35.1%) died, and 172 patients on PD of whom 66 (38.4%) died (p=0.455). The cumulative probability of survival at 60 months for HD was 30% and for PD was 37% with similar survival curves (p=0.719). The median survival time for HD was 32 months (IQR: 20-53) and for PD was 32.5 months (IQR: 18-57) (p=0.999). The covariates associated with higher mortality adjusted for dialysis type were age ≥60 years (HR 1.77; p<0.001) and diabetes mellitus as a cause of CKD (HR 1.63; p=0.002). Conclusions. Survival of patients with CKD on HD and PD was similar.