Perfiles hematológicos en pacientes infectados con malaria en un área endémica del Perú

Viviana Pinedo-Cancino; Katty M. Arista; Andree Valle-Campos; Rafael Saavedra-Langer; Cristian Roca; José-Manuel Ramos-Rincón; Maritza Calderón; Oralee H. Branch

doi:10.17843/rpmesp.2022.393.11908

Authors

Viviana Pinedo-Cancino Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales Antiparasitarios de la Amazonía, Centro de Investigación de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos, Perú; Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0035-563X
Katty M. Arista Laboratorio de Investigación de Productos Naturales Antiparasitarios de la Amazonía, Centro de Investigación de Recursos Naturales, Universidad Nacional de la Amazonía Peruana, Iquitos, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1890-9314
Andree Valle-Campos Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas. Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7779-481X
Rafael Saavedra-Langer Departamento de Bioquímica e Inmunología, Instituto de Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6849-3794
Cristian Roca Departamento de Microbiología e Inmunología, Universidad de Carolina del Norte, Chapel Hill, Estados Unidos https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2522-0360
José-Manuel Ramos-Rincón Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante-ISABIAL, Alicante, España; Departamento de Medicina Clínica, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, España https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6501-9867
Maritza Calderón Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Infecciosas, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6582-7306
Oralee H. Branch Lark Health, Estudios clínicos, Mountain View, California, Estados Unidos https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6720-6906

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2022.393.11908

Keywords:

Plasmodium, Blood Cell Count, Platelets, Tropical Disease, Peruvian Amazon, Parasites

Abstract

Objectives. To evaluate the variation of hematological profiles of patients infected with uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax (Pv) and P. falciparum (Pf) malaria before, during and after treatment in a population of the Loreto region. Materials and methods. This study was conducted between 2010 and 2012, in Zungarococha (Iquitos).
The 425 participants had three visits (visit 1-day 0-before treatment, visit 2-day 7-during treatment, visit 3-day 28-after treatment), complete blood count, microscopic and molecular diagnosis (PCR). Results. At the first visit, 93 (21.9%) participants were found positive for Pv and 34 (8.0%) for Pf. All positives showed a reduction in hematocrit, white blood cell count (WBC), ablated and segmented neutrophils, eosinophils and platelets
(p<0.001) compared to the negative group. A higher percentage of ablated neutrophils was found in Pf and segmented neutrophils in Pv compared to the negative group. Variations in hematological profiles were observed after treatment for both species; ablated neutrophils decreased, platelets increased, eosinophils increased at day 7 and declined at day 28, hematocrit and segmented neutrophils decreased at day 7 and normalized at day 28. Interspecies differences over time showed a bigger daily decrease in ablated neutrophils in Pv-infected when compared to Pf. Conclusions. The hematological profile in uncomplicated malaria-positive patients varies over time during and after treatment. These are indicators of disease progression and help in the therapeutic surveillance
of Plasmodium-infected patients.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

World Health Organization. World malaria report 2019. December 4th, 2020. [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2019 [citado el 18 de enero del 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789241565721.

World Health Organization. World malaria report 2021. December 6th, 2021. [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2021. [citado el 22 de enero del 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.mmv.org/sites/default/files/uploads/docs/publications/World_Malaria_Report_2021.pdf.

Organización Mundial de la Salud. Más casos y muertes por paludismo en 2020 a raíz de los trastornos causados por la COVID-19. 6 de diciembre de 2021. [Internet]. 2021. [citado el 22 de enero del 2022]. Disponible en:

https://www.who.int/es/news/item/06-12-2021-more-malaria-cases-anddeaths-in-2020-linked-to-covid-19-disruptions.

Griffing SM, Gamboa D, Udhayakumar V. The history of 20th century malaria control in Peru. Malar J. 2013;12:303. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-12-303.

Ministerio de Salud del Perú. Centro Nacional de Epidemiologia, Prevención y Control de Enfermedades. La tendencia histórica de la malaria en el Perú. Boletín Epidemiológico del Perú, volumen 27-SE 15. 2018 [Internet]. [citado el 02 de febrero del 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.dge.gob.pe/portal/docs/vigilancia/boletines/2018/15.pdf.

Ministerio de Salud del Perú. Centro Nacional de Epidemiología, Prevención y Control de Enfermedades. Boletín Epidemiológico, volumen 31-SE-16. 2022 [Internet]. 2022. [citado el 02 de febrero del 2022]. Disponible en: https://www.dge.gob.pe/epipublic/uploads/boletin/boletin_202216_19_003412.pdf.

Rosas-Aguirre A, Gamboa D, Manrique P, Conn JE, Moreno M, Lescano AG, et al. Epidemiology of Plasmodium vivax malaria in Peru. Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2016;95(Suppl 6): 133-144. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.16-0268.

Llanos C, Flores MH, Arévalo-Herrera M, Herrera S. Mecanismos de generación de anemia en malaria. Colomb Med [Internet]. 2004 [citado el 20 de febrero del 2022]; 35(4):205-214. Disponible en: https://colombiamedica.univalle.edu.co/index.php/comedica/article/view/320/323.

Ladhani S, Lowe B, Cole AO, Kowuondo K, Newton CRJC. Changes in white blood cells and platelets in children with falciparum malaria: Relationship to disease outcome. Br J Haematol. 2002;119(3):839-47. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2141.2002.03904.x.

Mohandas N, An XL. Malaria and human red blood cells. Med Microbiol Immunol 2012; 201(4): 593-598. doi: 10.1007/s00430-012-0272-z.

Guerrero-Cabrera RA. Alteraciones hematológicas en pacientes con malaria por Plasmodium vivax en un brote de malaria en Manaure, La Guajira, 2011-2012. Rev Arg Med Intensiva [Internet]. 2013 [citado el 20 de febrero del 2022];30(4):1-13. Disponible en: https://revista.sati.org.ar/index.php/MI/article/view/348.

Mitra S, Abhilash K, Arora S, Miraclin A. A prospective study from South India to compare the severity of malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax, P. falciparum and dual infection. J Vector Borne Dis [Internet]. 2015 [citado el 28 de febrero del 2022];52(4):281-6. Disponible en: http://www.mrcindia.org/journal/issues/524281.pdf.

Arróspide N, Espinoza MM, Miranda-Choque E, Mayta-Tristán P, Legua P, Cabezas C. Muerte materna por malaria grave por Plasmodium vivax. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica. 2016;33(2):368-72. doi: 10.17843/rpmesp.2016.332.2186.

Mansi MP, Dickson MT, Rodríguez-Morales AJ. Influencia de la parasitemia sobre los valores de hemoglobina y anemia en niños con malaria por Plasmodium falciparum no complicada: experiencia en un hospital de Tanzania. Rev Peru Med Exp Salud Publica [Internet]. 2007; [citado el 04 de marzo del 2022]; 24(1):27-34. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.org.pe/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1726-46342007000100005.

Hasona N, Amer O, Raef A. Hematological alterations and parasitological studies among infected patients with Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum in Hail, Hingdom of Saudi Arabia. Asian Pac J Trop Dis. 2016; 6(9): 695-698. doi: 10.1016/S2222-1808(16)61112-X.

Branch OL, Casapia WM, Gamboa DV, Hernandez JN, Alava FF, Roncal N, et al. Clustered local transmission and asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax malaria infections in a recently emerged, hypoendemic Peruvian Amazon community. Malar J. 2005; 4:27. doi: 10.1186/1475-2875-4-27.

Rubio JM, Post RJ, van Leeuwen WMD, Henry MC, Lindergard G, Hommel M. Alternative polymerase chain reaction method to identify Plasmodium species in human blood samples: the semi-nested multiplex malaria PCR (SnM-PCR). Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg. 2002;96(Suppl1): S199-204. doi: 10.1016/s0035-9203(02)90077-5.

Akinosoglou KS, Solomou EE, Gogos CA. Malaria: A haematological disease. Hematology. 2012;17(2): 106–114. doi: 10.1179/102453312X13221316477336.

Kini RG, Chandrashekhar J. Parasite and the circulating pool-characterization of leukocyte number and morphology in malaria. J Clin Diagn Res. 2016;10(5): EC44-48. doi: 10.7860/JCDR/2016/16425.7887.

Bashawri LA, Mandil AA, Bahnassy AA, Ahmed MA. Malaria: Hematological aspects. Ann Saudi Med. 2002;22(5–6): 372-76. doi: 10.5144/0256-4947.2002.372.

Abro AH, Ustadi AM, Younis NJ, Abdou AS, Al Hamed D, Saleh AA. Malaria and hematological changes. Pak J Med Sci [Internet] 2008 [citado el 18 de marzo del 2022];24(2): 287-291. Disponible en: https://pjms.com.pk/issues/aprjun108/article/article20.html.

González B, Rodulfo H, De Donato M, Berrizbeitia M, Gómez C, González L. Hematologic variations in patients with malaria caused by Plasmodium vivax before, during and after treatment. Invest Clin [Internet]. 2009 [citado el 24 de marzo del 2022].;50(2):187-201. Disponible en: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/26724751_Hematologic_variations_in_patient_with_malaria_caused_by_Plasmodium_vivax_before_during_and_after_treatment.

Da Costa L, Rodrigues-da-Silva R, Araujo V, Storer FL, de Souza D, Leite D, et al. Cells and mediators of inflammation (C-reactive protein, nitric oxide, platelets and neutrophils) in the acute and convalescent phases of uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium falciparum infection. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz. 2012;107(8):1035-1041. doi: 10.1590/s0074-02762012000800012.

McKenzie F, Prudhomme W, Magill A, Forney J, Permpanich B, Lucas C, et al. White Blood Cell Counts and Malaria. J Infect Dis. 2005;192(2): 323-330. doi: 10.1086/431152.

Van Wolfswinkel M, Langenberg M, Wammes L, Sauerwein R, Koelewijn R, Hermsen C, van Hellemond J, van Genderen P. Changes in total and differential leukocyte counts during the clinically silent liver phase in a controlled human malaria infection in malaria-naïve Dutch volunteers. Malar J. 2017;16(1): 457. doi: 10.1186/s12936-017-2108-1.

Lathia T, Joshi R. Can hematological parameters discriminate malaria from nonmalarious acute febrile illness in the tropics? Indian J Med Sci [Internet]. 2004 [citado el 25 de marzo del 2022];58.(6): 239-244. Disponible en: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Can-hematological-parameters-discriminate-malaria-Lathia-Joshi/35905c787e660c-30ffe7f7dbe3c8ac70d074d0e7.

Ullah I, Ali M, Ali S, Rafiq A, Sattar Z, Hussain S. Hematological Profile of Patients Having Malaria-positive Peripheral Blood Smears: A Cross-sectional Study at a Diagnostic Research Center in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Cureus. 2018;10(9): e3376. doi: 10.7759/cureus.3376.

Jadhav U, Singhvi R, Shah R. Prognostic implications of white cell differential count and white cell morphology in Malaria. J Postgrad Med [Internet]. 2003 [citado el 02 de abril del 2022]; 49(3):218–22. Disponible en: https://www.jpgmonline.com/article.asp?issn=0022-3859;year=2003;-volume=49;issue=3;spage=218;epage=221;aulast=Jadhav.

Ortiz-Martínez S, Ramos-Rincón JM, Vásquez-Chasnamote M, Alarcón-Baldeón J, Parraguez-de-la-Cruz J, Gamboa-Paredes O, et al. A cross-sectional study of seroprevalence of strongyloidiasis in pregnant women (Peruvian Amazon Basin). Pathogens. 2020;9(5): 348. doi: 10.3390/patógenos9050348.

Cabada MM, Goodrich MR, Graham B, Villanueva-Meyer PG, Deichsel EL, Lopez M, et al. Prevalence of intestinal helminths, anemia, and malnutrition in Paucartambo, Peru. Rev Panam Salud Publica [Internet]. 2015 [citado el 10 de abril del 2022];37:69-75. 2015. Disponible en: https://iris.paho.org/handle/10665.2/9359.