Iodized salt intake in households and iodine nutritional status in women of childbearing age in Peru, 2008

Abstract

Objective. To estimate the iodine nutritional status in women of childbearing age and to evaluate the intake of salt adequately iodized in their households in Peru. Materials and methods. Cross-sectional study performed with a multistage, probabilistic, cluster sampling that included 1573 households and 2048 women in childbearing age, distributed in five domains (Lima, rest of the coast, rural highlands and jungle area). The use of iodized salt was evaluated in the households and the urinary iodine was evaluated in the childbearing age women. Results. 97.5% (95%CI. 96.7-98.5%) of peruvian households have iodized salt consumption, being it lower in the rural highland (95%) and higher in Lima (100%). The national mean of urinary iodine was 266 µg/L, being it lower in the jungle areas (206 µg/L) and higher in the rest of the coast (302 µg/L), these values are above the level recommended by the World Health Organization in all domains (average higher than 200 µg/L), value that ensures control over the iodine deficiency disorders (IDD). Conclusions. Control of IDD associated with iodized salt consumption is good, and monitoring of the presence of iodine in salt, particularly in the areas with lowest access, should continue.