Determinación de la resistencia a antibióticos mediante tres métodos fenotípicos en cepas de Campylobacter coli aisladas de carne de pollo comercializada en Lima, Perú

Kiara N. Cáceres-Bautista; Jorge L. Arroyo-Acevedo; Hugo J. Justil-Guerrero; Johnny A. Tinco-Jayo; Edwin C. Enciso-Roca; Enrique J. Aguilar-Felices; Miguel A. Rojas-Montes; Diego Diaz-Coahila; César A. Lázaro-de la Torre

doi:10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14330

Authors

Kiara N. Cáceres-Bautista Laboratorio de Farmacología y Toxicología Veterinaria, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1095-0837
Jorge L. Arroyo-Acevedo Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7695-1908
Hugo J. Justil-Guerrero Laboratorio de Farmacología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6465-8747
Johnny A. Tinco-Jayo Departamento Académico de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8970-9379
Edwin C. Enciso-Roca Departamento Académico de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4089-5905
Enrique J. Aguilar-Felices Departamento Académico de Medicina Humana, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Nacional de San Cristóbal de Huamanga, Ayacucho, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6565-4756
Miguel A. Rojas-Montes Laboratorio de Inmunología Veterinaria, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Lima, Perú. https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5029-3874
Diego Diaz-Coahila Laboratorio de Farmacología y Toxicología Veterinaria, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5570-5874
César A. Lázaro-de la Torre Laboratorio de Farmacología y Toxicología Veterinaria, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos. Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4856-0034

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2025.422.14330

Keywords:

Antibiotic Resistance, Campylobacter coli, chicken, meat, Minimum Inhibitory Concentration

Abstract

Objectives. To determine the resistance and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of erythromycin, azithromycin, ciprofloxacin, and tetracycline in Campylobacter coli strains isolated from chicken carcasses sold in Lima, Peru. Materials and methods. Cryopreserved strains of C. coli (n=106) were reactivated and then we evaluated concordance
(Kappa coefficient) of the resistance and MIC results between the disk diffusion (DD), E-test (ET), and microdilution plate (MDP) tests. Results. We reactivated 97 strains, of which 94 to 100% were resistant to ciprofloxacin, erythromycin, and tetracycline, while only 58% were resistant to azithromycin in the DD test. The ET and MDP tests showed 78 to 100% of resistant strains, with azithromycin having the lowest percentage of resistance. More than 70% of strains were resistant to at least three antibiotics in all three tests. In addition, 50%, 69%, and 100% of strains had a MIC ≥ 32 μg/mL for ciprofloxacin, azithromycin, and tetracycline/erythromycin, respectively. Conclusions. C. coli strains from chicken carcasses had a high percentage of multidrug resistance. The concordance between the three tests was almost perfect, but the ET strips showed maximum concentrations that are insufficient for MIC in these strains. We recommend resistance and MIC testing using MDP, as it allows for a wider range of antibiotic concentrations to be used.

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