Resistencia antimicrobiana de cepas comensales de Escherichia coli en niños de dos comunidades rurales peruanas

Maria C. Alzamora; Andrea C. Echevarría; Valeria M. Ferraro; Maribel D. Riveros; Mara Zambruni; Theresa J. Ochoa

doi:10.17843/rpmesp.2019.363.4366

Authors

Maria C. Alzamora Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Médico cirujano
Andrea C. Echevarría Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Médico cirujano
Valeria M. Ferraro Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Médico cirujano
Maribel D. Riveros Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humbolt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. bióloga
Mara Zambruni Center for Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Estados Unidos. Médico cirujano
Theresa J. Ochoa Facultad de Medicina Alberto Hurtado, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humbolt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia. Lima, Perú. Médico cirujano,

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2019.363.4366

Keywords:

Escherichia coli, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, Rural Population, Pediatrics, Peru

Abstract

Antibiotic resistance is a major global problem. The objective of this study was to determine antibiotic resistance in commensal strains isolated from healthy children from rural communities of Moyobamba and Urubamba in Peru. This cohort study identified 179 commensal E. coli strains from 93 children, followed for six months. Thirteen antibiotics were analyzed by diffusion disk. The highest rates of resistance were for cotrimoxazole (49.1%), ampicillin (48.0%), and nalidixic acid (31.8%). An 11.6% increase in resistance was found for nalidixic acid and 6.4% for cotrimoxazole in this period; while 34.0% of the isolates were multidrug-resistant. This study supports previous findings of multidrug resistance in commensal strains in rural communities and highlights the increased rates of resistance over time. We recommend studies in larger populations with a longer follow-up.