Resistencia a nitrofuranos mediada por mutaciones en los genes cnr y snrA en Salmonella enterica procedentes de muestras cárnicas para consumo humano

Sandra Martínez-Puchol; Maria J. Pons; Lidia Ruiz-Roldán; Laura Laureano-Adame; Alfredo Corujo; Theresa J. Ochoa; Joaquim Ruiz

doi:10.17843/rpmesp.2020.371.4745

Authors

Sandra Martínez-Puchol Instituto de Salud Global, Hospital Clinic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España. Universidad Continental, Lima, Perú http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7549-9614
Maria J. Pons Laboratorio de Microbiología Molecular y Genómica Bacteriana, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima, Perú. PhD en Biología http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8384-2315
Lidia Ruiz-Roldán Instituto de Salud Global, Hospital Clinic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España. PhD en Biología http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8090-4330
Laura Laureano-Adame Nutreco, Toledo, España. PhD en Biología http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5474-1408
Alfredo Corujo Nutreco, Toledo, España. PhD en Biología http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7283-7614
Theresa J. Ochoa Instituto de Medicina Tropical Alexander von Humboldt, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú. Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Estados Unidos. medico infectólogo http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3227-3906
Joaquim Ruiz Instituto de Salud Global, Hospital Clinic - Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, España. Universidad Continental, Lima, Perú. PhD en Biología http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4431-2036

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2020.371.4745

Keywords:

Drug resistance, Furazolidone, Salmonella

Abstract

The mechanisms of resistance to nitrofurans from 18 meat samples with Salmonella enterica (chicken: 15; beef: 2; pork: 1) collected in Lima (Peru) were analyzed. The isolates were serotyped and the susceptibility levels to furazolidone and nitrofurantoin [with and without the efflux pump inhibitor Phenyl-Arginine- β-naphthylamide (PAβN)], the presence of mutations in the snrA and cnr genes and the transferability of resistance by conjugation were established. Fifteen samples with S. infantis (13 from chicken samples), 2 with S. enteritidis and 1 with S. anatum were identified. All isolates except the S. anatum were resistant to both nitrofurans showing MICs (minimum inhibitory concentration) of furazolidone and nitrofurantoin of 32-64 μg/mL and 128-256 μg/mL, respectively. The addition of PAßN had no effect on the MIC levels. All nitrofuran-resistant isolates showed amino acid codon alterations at both snrA and cnr (S. infantis: snrA STOP-151; cnr STOP-137; S. enteritidis: snrA STOP-180; cnr STOP-179). No transferable mechanisms of nitrofuran resistance were detected.