In vitro antimicrobial activity of Bixa orellana L. leaves extract against anaerobic bacteria  associated to bacterial vaginosis and Lactobacillus spp.

Jenny Marcas; Liz Romero; Oswaldo Tipiani; Steev Loyola; Jesús Tamariz

doi:10.17843/rpmesp.2022.394.11978

Authors

Jenny Marcas Laboratorio de Resistencia Antimicrobiana e Inmunopatología, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3312-3050
Liz Romero Laboratorio de Resistencia Antimicrobiana e Inmunopatología, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8678-0831
Oswaldo Tipiani Hospital Municipal de Surco, Lima, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1325-7249
Steev Loyola Laboratorio de Resistencia Antimicrobiana e Inmunopatología, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú; Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Perú https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5455-2423
Jesús Tamariz Antimicrobial Resistance and Immunopathology Laboratory, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Medical school, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0827-8117

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2022.394.11978

Keywords:

Bixa Orellana, Vaginosis, bacterial, Plant Extracts, in vitro Techniques, Gardnerella vaginalis, Lactobacillus

Abstract

Objective. To describe the in vitro antimicrobial activity of the methanolic extract of Bixa orellana L. leaves against anaerobic bacteria associated to bacterial vaginosis and Lactobacillus spp. Materials and methods. Eight ATCC reference strains; Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella bivia, Peptococcus niger, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Mobiluncus curtisii, Atopobium vaginae, Veillonella parvula, and Lactobacillus crispatus, and twenty-two clinical isolates; eleven Gardnerella vaginalis and eleven Lactobacillus strains, were included in the study. The antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by the agar diffusion method. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) were determined by using agar dilution and a modified dilution plating method, respectively. Results. All ATCC reference strains showed
high levels of susceptibility to the extract, except P. vibia, V. parvula and L. crispatus. Interestingly, all G. vaginalis clinical isolates and the G. vaginalis ATTC strain were the most susceptible to the extract, given their low MIC (1.0 – 2.0 mg/mL) and MBC (1.0 – 4.0 mg/mL) values, whereas, the Lactobacillus spp. clinical isolates and the L. crispatus ATCC strain were the least susceptible bacteria given their high MIC (32.0 mg/mL) and MBC (≥ 32.0 mg/mL) values. Conclusions. In vitro experiments suggest that the extract possesses selective antimicrobial properties given its high activity against bacterial vaginosis-associated anaerobic bacteria and low activity against Lactobacillus species.

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