In vitro antimicrobial activity of Bixa orellana L. leaves extract against anaerobic bacteria  associated to bacterial vaginosis and Lactobacillus spp.

Jenny Marcas; Liz Romero; Oswaldo Tipiani; Steev Loyola; Jesús Tamariz

doi:10.17843/rpmesp.2022.394.11978

Autores/as

Jenny Marcas Antimicrobial Resistance and Immunopathology Laboratory, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3312-3050
Liz Romero Antimicrobial Resistance and Immunopathology Laboratory, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8678-0831
Oswaldo Tipiani Hospital Municipal de Surco, Lima, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1325-7249
Steev Loyola Antimicrobial Resistance and Immunopathology Laboratory, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Medical school, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5455-2423
Jesús Tamariz Antimicrobial Resistance and Immunopathology Laboratory, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru; Medical school, Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0827-8117

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2022.394.11978

Palabras clave:

Bixa Orellana, Vaginosis, bacterial, Plant Extracts, in vitro Techniques, Gardnerella vaginalis, Lactobacillus

Resumen

Objetivos. Describir la actividad antimicrobiana in vitro del extracto metanólico de las hojas de Bixa orellana L. contra las bacterias anaerobias asociadas a la vaginosis bacteriana y Lactobacillus spp. Materiales y métodos. Se incluyeron en el estudio ocho cepas de referencia ATCC; Gardnerella vaginalis, Prevotella bivia, Peptococcus niger, Peptostreptococcus anaerobius, Mobiluncus curtisii, Atopobium vaginae, Veillonella parvula y Lactobacillus crispatus, y 22 aislamientos clínicos; once aislados de Gardnerella vaginalis y once aislados de Lactobacillus. La susceptibilidad antimicrobiana se determinó mediante el
método de difusión en agar. La concentración mínima inhibitoria (CMI) y la concentración bactericida mínima (CBM) fueron determinadas utilizando el método de dilución en agar y un método de dilución modificado, respectivamente. Resultados. Todas las cepas de referencia ATCC tuvieron un alto nivel de susceptibilidad al extracto, con excepción de P. vibia, V. parvula y L. crispatus. Interesantemente, los aislamientos clínicos de G. vaginalis y la cepa ATCC de G. vaginalis fueron los más susceptibles al extracto dados los bajos valores de CMI (1,0 – 2,0 mg/mL) y CBM (1,0 – 4,0 mg/mL), mientras que, los aislamientos
clínicos de Lactobacillus spp. y la cepa ATCC de L. crispatus fueron los menos susceptibles debido a los altos valores de CMI (32,0 mg/mL) y CBM (≥ 32,0 mg/mL). Conclusiones. Los experimentos in vitro sugieren que el extracto posee propiedades antibacterianas selectivas dada su alta actividad contra bacterias anaerobias asociadas a vaginosis bacteriana y baja actividad contra especies de Lactobacillus.

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